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In most instances, when something is thicker, it’s usually better – a thick, juicy piece of steak, especially thick socks to keep your feet warm on a cold day, or a shiny, thick coat of paint on a brand new car all come to mind. However, when it comes to plain bushings, thick-walled isn’t necessarily better than thin-walled.
First, it's important to understand the basic difference between athin-walled plastic bushing and a thicker-walled bronze bushing. Thick-walled bronze bushings feature a standard wall thickness between 0.0625 and 0.156 inches. In comparison, the wall thickness of a plastic bushing is much thinner, typically anywhere from 0.0468 to 0.0625 inches. Due to its thin wall, a plastic bushing not only offers a number of benefits, it also performs equally as well, if not better than a thick-walled bushing.
There are a number of instances where an application would benefit from using a thin-walled plastic bushing in place of a thick-walled bronze bushing.
For example, igus®’ iglide® plastic bushings are designed with a thinner wall to allow for better heat dissipation. Heat buildup can increase the amount of wear on a bushing and it is crucial that the heat be able to dissipate through the shaft and the housing. With a thick-walled bronze bushing, excessive heat buildup is much more likely.
The better the heat dissipation of the bushing, the higher the permissible PV value will be. A higher PV value enables the bushing to handle an increased combination of speeds and loads.
In addition, a thin-walled plastic bushing is able to hold tighter tolerances. They also have less chance of becoming deformed, which can be common with a thicker-walled bushing.
Finally, for applications where weight and fuel economy are an issue, for example in racing bikes, snowmobiles, automobiles, and motorcycles, a thin-walled plastic bushing is ideal. Image 1.2 compares the weights of different bushing materials.
Now that we have compared the performance of these two types of bushings, there are a couple of misconceptions that I’d like to tackle.
The wall thickness of either bushing does not directly correlate to its strength. Other factors that are more important and should be taken into consideration include the weight, coefficient of friction and wear capabilities of the bushing.
Bronze bushings are designed with a thicker wall to compensate for wear, but even with the added material, the bushing surface is still susceptible to wear. In high-rotation applications, continually re-lubricating the bushing will help prevent wear. However, if a bronze bushing is being used to facilitate other types of motion; excessive wear can lead to added clearance between the shaft and the bearing. If this happens, a number of problems will arise.
It is important to remember that wear is dependent on the makeup of the bushing material and not on the wall thickness (also refer to misconception 1). For this reason, igus® is constantly developing new plastic materials, which minimize wear and provide a long-lasting, maintenance-free solution for a variety of applications.
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